Patterns of Urine Incontinence in Patients with Pelvic Organ Prolapse in the Hospital

Oct 13, 2025 by miodeya.com 96 views

Patterns of Urine Incontinence in Patients with Pelvic Organ Prolapse in the Hospital

Introduction

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a condition where the pelvic organs, such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum, descend into the vagina, causing various symptoms, including urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence is a common problem that affects millions of people worldwide, and it can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life. In this study, we aimed to determine the type of urine incontinence in women with pelvic organ prolapse in RSUP. H. Adam Malik.

Background

Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition that affects women of all ages, but it is more common in women who have had multiple vaginal deliveries, are overweight, or have a family history of POP. The prolapse of the pelvic organ can cause various symptoms, including urinary incontinence, pelvic pain, and difficulty with bowel movements. Urinary incontinence is a common symptom of POP, and it can be caused by the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles that play a role in maintaining the position of the pelvic organs.

Methodology

This study used a descriptive method by involving 31 samples of people with pelvic organ prolapse. Data collection was carried out through interviews, physical examinations using Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) to determine the severity of prolapse, measurement of urine residues, cough tests (stress tests), urinalysis, and recording of bladder diaries to detect the presence of urine incontinence and types. The data are then analyzed and presented in the form of tables and narration.

Results

The results showed that urine incontinence was found in 54.55% of women with mild degree of pelvic organ prolapse (degrees 1-2) and 45.45% in women with the prolapse of severe degree of pelvis (degrees 3-4). Of the total people with prolapse of pelvic organs who experience urine incontinence (35.48%), it was found that 72.73% experienced stress incontinence, 9.09% experienced overactive bladder, and 18.18% experienced overflow incontinence. There were no cases of mixed incontinence in patients with pelvic organ prolapse.

Additional Analysis and Explanation

The results of this study indicate that stress incontinence is the most common type of incontinence in patients with pelvic organ prolapse. Stress incontinence occurs when the pressure in the stomach increases, for example when coughing, sneezing, or laughing, causing urine leakage. The prolapse of pelvic organs can cause stress incontinence due to the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles that play a role in maintaining the position of the pelvic organs. Increased pressure in the stomach will more easily push urine out through the urethra, especially if the pelvic floor muscles weaken.

Overactive bladder, which causes urgent desire to urinate and frequent urination, is also found in some sufferers of pelvic organ prolapse. This condition occurs when the bladder muscles contract excessively, causing the bladder blank prematurely. Overflow incontinence, which occurs when the bladder cannot empty itself perfectly, is also found in some sufferers of pelvic organ prolapse. This condition occurs when the bladder exits are blocked, for example due to the prolapse of the bladder.

Conclusion

This study shows that urine incontinence is a common problem found in patients with pelvic organ prolapse. Stress incontinence is the most common type, followed by overactive bladder and overflow incontinence. It is essential to carry out proper examinations and handling of the prolapse of pelvic organs and urine incontinence. Appropriate treatment can help reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, we recommend that healthcare providers should:

Conduct thorough physical examinations, including POP-Q, to determine the severity of prolapse
Use cough tests (stress tests) to detect stress incontinence
Record bladder diaries to detect the presence of urine incontinence and types
Provide appropriate treatment, such as pelvic floor exercises, bladder training, or surgery, to reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

The sample size was small, which may not be representative of the general population
The study only included women with pelvic organ prolapse, which may not be representative of men or women with other types of incontinence
The study did not control for other factors that may contribute to urine incontinence, such as age, weight, or family history of POP.

Future Directions

Future studies should aim to:

Increase the sample size to make the results more generalizable
Include men and women with other types of incontinence
Control for other factors that may contribute to urine incontinence
Investigate the effectiveness of different treatments for urine incontinence in patients with pelvic organ prolapse.

References

[List of references cited in the study]

Appendix

[Appendix materials, such as tables, figures, and additional data]

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Patterns of Urine Incontinence in Patients with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Q: What is pelvic organ prolapse (POP)?

A: Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition where the pelvic organs, such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum, descend into the vagina, causing various symptoms, including urinary incontinence.

Q: What are the symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse?

A: The symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse can include urinary incontinence, pelvic pain, difficulty with bowel movements, and a feeling of pressure or fullness in the vagina.

Q: What is urine incontinence?

A: Urine incontinence is the loss of bladder control, resulting in the involuntary leakage of urine.

Q: What are the types of urine incontinence?

A: The types of urine incontinence include:

Stress incontinence: leakage of urine when the pressure in the stomach increases, such as when coughing, sneezing, or laughing
Overactive bladder: a condition where the bladder muscles contract excessively, causing the bladder to empty prematurely
Overflow incontinence: a condition where the bladder cannot empty itself perfectly, resulting in the leakage of urine

Q: What causes urine incontinence in patients with pelvic organ prolapse?

A: Urine incontinence in patients with pelvic organ prolapse can be caused by the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles that play a role in maintaining the position of the pelvic organs.

Q: How is pelvic organ prolapse diagnosed?

A: Pelvic organ prolapse is diagnosed through a physical examination, including a pelvic exam and a POP-Q (Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification) test.

Q: What are the treatment options for pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence?

A: The treatment options for pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence include:

Pelvic floor exercises (Kegel exercises)
Bladder training
Surgery (such as a hysterectomy or a bladder suspension)
Medications (such as estrogen or anticholinergics)

Q: Can pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence be prevented?

A: While there is no surefire way to prevent pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence, there are steps that can be taken to reduce the risk, such as:

Maintaining a healthy weight
Exercising regularly
Avoiding heavy lifting or straining
Getting regular check-ups with a healthcare provider

Q: How can I manage my symptoms if I have pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence?

A: Managing symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence can be achieved through a combination of lifestyle changes, pelvic floor exercises, and medical treatment. It is essential to work with a healthcare provider to develop a personalized treatment plan.

Q: Where can I find more information about pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence?

A: You can find more information about pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence by:

Visiting the website of the American Urological Association (AUA)
Contacting a healthcare provider or a urogynecologist
Joining a support group for women with pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence

Q: What are the next steps if I suspect I have pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence?

A: If you suspect you have pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence, it is essential to schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider or a urogynecologist. They will perform a physical examination, take a medical history, and order any necessary tests to confirm the diagnosis.

Q: Can I treat pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence on my own?

A: No, it is not recommended to treat pelvic organ prolapse and urine incontinence on your own. These conditions require a proper diagnosis and treatment plan developed by a healthcare provider or a urogynecologist.