Determinants of Complete Immunization Completeness in Toddlers in the Working Area of the Sentosa Baru Puskesmas Medan City in 2018

Oct 13, 2025 by miodeya.com 74 views

Determinants of Complete Immunization Completeness in Toddlers in the Working Area of the Sentosa Baru Puskesmas Medan City in 2018

Introduction

Immunization is a crucial aspect of public health, and its completeness is a significant indicator of a community's health status. The Sentosa Baru Puskesmas in Medan City has reported low coverage of advanced immunization in 2017, with a DPT-HB-Hib vaccination rate of only 30.3% and a measles vaccination rate of 25.8%. This study aims to identify the determinants of complete immunization completeness in toddlers in the working area of the Sentosa Baru Puskesmas.

Background

Immunization is a vital tool in preventing infectious diseases, and its completeness is a critical indicator of a community's health status. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that all children receive a series of vaccinations to protect them against serious and potentially life-threatening diseases. However, in many parts of the world, including Indonesia, immunization coverage remains low, and many children are not receiving the recommended vaccinations.

Research Methods

This study employed a survey with an explanatory research approach to understand the relationship between variables. The population studied consisted of 1,725 mothers who have children aged 24 to 35 months who live in the Sentosa Baru Puskesmas area. From this population, 95 samples were taken using the simple random sampling method. Data collection was carried out through interviews using a questionnaire, and the results were analyzed using multiple logistic regression techniques.

Research Results

The results of this study showed that several variables influenced the completeness of advanced immunization in toddlers, including:

Knowledge (p = 0.001): Good knowledge about the importance of immunization contributes greatly to parents' decisions to complete their children's immunization.
Family Support (p = 0.042): Family support plays a significant role in influencing parents' decisions to complete their children's immunization.
Support of Health Workers (p = 0.047): Support from health workers, represented by the Puskesmas, is also no less important in influencing parents' decisions to complete their children's immunization.

Analysis and Explanation

Good knowledge about the importance of immunization contributes greatly to parents' decisions to complete their children's immunization. When parents understand the benefits of immunization, they are more likely to follow the specified immunization schedule. Family support also plays a significant role, as the encouragement and motivation from family members can increase parents' awareness of the importance of immunization.

Support from health workers, represented by the Puskesmas, is also no less important. Health workers who actively conduct counseling and provide clear information about immunization will increase public confidence in the immunization program, so that it can influence parents' decisions to bring their children to the Puskesmas.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to the Medan City Health Office to:

Increase the frequency of technical training and periodic guidance for immunization officers.
Add incentives for immunization coordinators to motivate them to be more active in implementing immunization programs.
Increase the role of health workers in providing education to the public about immunization, both through counseling, distribution of information, and direct approaches to the family.

By increasing knowledge and support in the family and strengthening the role of health workers, it is expected that the Coverage of Advanced Immunization at the Sentosa Puskesmas can only increase in the coming years.

Conclusion

This study aimed to identify the determinants of complete immunization completeness in toddlers in the working area of the Sentosa Baru Puskesmas. The results showed that knowledge, family support, and support from health workers are significant determinants of complete immunization completeness. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to the Medan City Health Office to increase the frequency of technical training and periodic guidance for immunization officers, add incentives for immunization coordinators, and increase the role of health workers in providing education to the public about immunization.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the use of a survey method. Future studies should aim to increase the sample size and use a more robust research design to confirm the findings of this study.

Future Directions

Future studies should aim to investigate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at increasing knowledge and support in the family and strengthening the role of health workers in providing education to the public about immunization. Additionally, future studies should aim to investigate the impact of immunization on child health outcomes in the working area of the Sentosa Baru Puskesmas.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Determinants of Complete Immunization Completeness in Toddlers in the Working Area of the Sentosa Baru Puskesmas Medan City in 2018

Q: What is the significance of complete immunization completeness in toddlers?

A: Complete immunization completeness in toddlers is a crucial indicator of a community's health status. It ensures that children are protected against serious and potentially life-threatening diseases, such as measles, diphtheria, and whooping cough.

Q: What are the determinants of complete immunization completeness in toddlers?

A: The determinants of complete immunization completeness in toddlers include knowledge, family support, and support from health workers. Good knowledge about the importance of immunization contributes greatly to parents' decisions to complete their children's immunization.

Q: How does knowledge influence complete immunization completeness in toddlers?

A: Good knowledge about the importance of immunization contributes greatly to parents' decisions to complete their children's immunization. When parents understand the benefits of immunization, they are more likely to follow the specified immunization schedule.

Q: What is the role of family support in complete immunization completeness in toddlers?

A: Family support plays a significant role in influencing parents' decisions to complete their children's immunization. The encouragement and motivation from family members can increase parents' awareness of the importance of immunization.

Q: What is the role of health workers in complete immunization completeness in toddlers?

A: Support from health workers, represented by the Puskesmas, is also no less important in influencing parents' decisions to complete their children's immunization. Health workers who actively conduct counseling and provide clear information about immunization will increase public confidence in the immunization program.

Q: What are the recommendations for increasing complete immunization completeness in toddlers?

A: Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to the Medan City Health Office to:

Increase the frequency of technical training and periodic guidance for immunization officers.
Add incentives for immunization coordinators to motivate them to be more active in implementing immunization programs.
Increase the role of health workers in providing education to the public about immunization, both through counseling, distribution of information, and direct approaches to the family.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the use of a survey method. Future studies should aim to increase the sample size and use a more robust research design to confirm the findings of this study.

Q: What are the future directions for research on complete immunization completeness in toddlers?

A: Future studies should aim to investigate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at increasing knowledge and support in the family and strengthening the role of health workers in providing education to the public about immunization. Additionally, future studies should aim to investigate the impact of immunization on child health outcomes in the working area of the Sentosa Baru Puskesmas.

Q: What are the implications of this study for public health policy and practice?

A: The findings of this study have significant implications for public health policy and practice. They highlight the importance of increasing knowledge and support in the family and strengthening the role of health workers in providing education to the public about immunization. These findings can inform the development of effective interventions to improve complete immunization completeness in toddlers and ultimately improve child health outcomes.